Simulation Principles and Formula

Tsunami waves travel through the ocean at speeds that depend on the depth of the water. In shallow water, the wave speed is determined by the gravitational acceleration and the depth.

The wave speed is given by the formula:

$$\displaystyle v = \sqrt{g\, h}$$

where:

• \(v\) is the tsunami wave speed (m/s),
• \(g\) is the gravitational acceleration (\(9.81\) m/s²), and
• \(h\) is the ocean depth (m).

This equation assumes that the water is shallow relative to the wavelength, which is generally valid for tsunami propagation in coastal regions.